Sequential follow-up results of catheter intervention for coronary artery lesions after Kawasaki disease: quantitative coronary artery angiography and intravascular ultrasound imaging study.

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to assess the sequential follow-up results of catheter intervention in Kawasaki disease by use of quantitative coronary angiography (QCA) and intravascular ultrasound imaging. METHODS AND RESULTS Catheter intervention was performed on 23 stenotic lesions in 22 patients (aged 2 to 24 years). Percutaneous balloon angioplasty (PBA) was performed in 4 patients, stent implantation in 7, percutaneous transluminal coronary rotational ablation (PTCRA) in 10, and a combination of PTCRA with stent implantation in 2. A total of 21 lesions (91%) were successfully dilated by catheter intervention without major or minor complications. One patient immediately underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery because stent implantation failed to resolve his lesion. At 4 to 6 months after catheter intervention, 2 restenotic lesions (9%) were detected by QCA in 2 patients who had undergone PBA, and these patients subsequently underwent CABG surgery. In 6 months to 3 years after catheter intervention, no patients showed evidence of ischemic findings. At 3 to 4 years after catheter intervention, QCA and intravascular ultrasound studies were performed on 15 lesions in 14 patients. Two restenotic lesions (13%) were detected by QCA in 2 patients. One of the 2 had stent implantation and underwent CABG surgery, and the other had undergone PTCRA and underwent re-PTCRA. Thirteen patients demonstrated no ischemic findings at 3 to 8 years after catheter intervention. CONCLUSION Catheter intervention for Kawasaki disease can be accomplished and can be effective in the short term, but the long-term efficacy should be verified by further study.